Nginx+lua组建基础waf防火墙

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一、nginx+Lua环境部署

1、系统基础信息

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# ifconfig eth0|grep 'inet addr'|awk -F ":" '{print $2}'|awk '{print $1}'
192.168.83.129
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
# uname -r
2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

2、安装基础库

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yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

3、创建Nginx运行的普通用户

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useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www

4、下载需要的程序并安装

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cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.4.tar.gz
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.38.tar.gz
wget -c http://luajit.org/download/LuaJIT-2.0.4.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/simpl/ngx_devel_kit/archive/v0.2.19.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/openresty/lua-nginx-module/archive/v0.9.16.tar.gz
tar zxvf ngx_devel_kit-0.2.19.tar.gz
tar zxvf lua-nginx-module-0.9.16.tar.gz
tar zxvf pcre-8.38.tar.gz

5、安装LuaJIT Luajit是Lua即时编译器

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tar zxvf LuaJIT-2.0.4.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/LuaJIT-2.0.4
make && make install

6、安装nginx并加载模块

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cd nginx-1.9.4/
export LUAJIT_LIB=/usr/local/lib
export LUAJIT_INC=/usr/local/include/luajit-2.0/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www     --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-file-aio --with-http_dav_module --add-module=../ngx_devel_kit-0.2.19/ --add-module=../lua-nginx-module-0.9.16/ --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.38/
make -j2 && make install
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libluajit-5.1.so.2 /lib64/libluajit-5.1.so.2

安装完毕后，下面可以测试安装了，修改nginx.conf 增加第一个配置

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   server {
       listen       80;
       server_name  localhost;
    
       #charset koi8-r;
    
       #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
        location /hello {
               default_type 'text/plain';
               content_by_lua 'ngx.say("hello,lua")';
       }
       
       error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
       location = /50x.html {
       root   html;
   	}
}

启动nginx

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/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

7、测试看lua环境是否正常

Alt text

二、openresty实现WAF功能

1、系统基础信息

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# ifconfig eth0|grep 'inet addr'|awk -F ":" '{print $2}'|awk '{print $1}'
192.168.83.129
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
# uname -r
2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64

2、安装基础依赖包

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yum install -y readline-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel

3、下载并编译安装openresty

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cd /usr/local/src/
wget https://openresty.org/download/ngx_openresty-1.9.3.2.tar.gz
tar zxvf ngx_openresty-1.9.3.2.tar.gz
cd ngx_openresty-1.9.3.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/openresty-1.9.3.2 --with-luajit --with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre --with-pcre-jit
gmake && gmake install
ln -s /usr/local/openresty-1.9.3.2/ /usr/local/openresty

4、测试openresty安装

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# vim /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    server {
        location /hello {
                default_type text/html;
                content_by_lua_block {
                    ngx.say("HelloWorld")
                }
            }
    }
# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/openresty-1.9.3.2/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /usr/local/openresty-1.9.3.2/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx

5、WAF部署：在github上克隆下代码

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yum -y install git
cd /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/
git clone https://github.com/unixhot/waf.git

6、修改Nginx的配置文件，加入（http字段）以下配置。注意路径，同时WAF日志默认存放在/tmp/日期_waf.log

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# vim /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    #WAF
        lua_shared_dict limit 50m;
        lua_package_path "/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/?.lua";
        init_by_lua_file "/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/init.lua";
        access_by_lua_file "/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/access.lua";
# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
    nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/openresty-1.9.3.2/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
    nginx: configuration file /usr/local/openresty-1.9.3.2/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

7、根据日志记录位置，创建日志目录

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# mkdir /tmp/waf_logs
# chown www.www /tmp/waf_logs

8、配置信息与注释

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# cat /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/config.lua
--WAF config file,enable = "on",disable = "off" 
 --waf status    
 config_waf_enable = "on"   #是否开启配置
 --log dir 
 config_log_dir = "/tmp/waf_logs"    #日志记录地址
 --rule setting 
 config_rule_dir = "/usr/local/nginx/conf/waf/rule-config"        #匹配规则缩放地址
 --enable/disable white url 
 config_white_url_check = "on"  #是否开启url检测
 --enable/disable white ip 
 config_white_ip_check = "on"   #是否开启IP白名单检测
 --enable/disable block ip 
 config_black_ip_check = "on"   #是否开启ip黑名单检测
 --enable/disable url filtering 
 config_url_check = "on"      #是否开启url过滤
 --enalbe/disable url args filtering 
 config_url_args_check = "on"   #是否开启参数检测
 --enable/disable user agent filtering 
 config_user_agent_check = "on"  #是否开启ua检测
 --enable/disable cookie deny filtering 
 config_cookie_check = "on"    #是否开启cookie检测
 --enable/disable cc filtering 
 config_cc_check = "on"   #是否开启防cc攻击
 --cc rate the xxx of xxx seconds 
 config_cc_rate = "10/60"   #允许一个ip60秒内只能访问10此
 --enable/disable post filtering 
 config_post_check = "on"   #是否开启post检测
 --config waf output redirect/html 
 config_waf_output = "html"  #action一个html页面，也可以选择跳转
 --if config_waf_output ,setting url 
 config_waf_redirect_url = "http://www.baidu.com" 
 config_output_html=[[  #下面是html的内容
 	<html> 
 <head> 
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="zh-cn" /> 
 <title>网站防火墙</title> 
 </head> 
 <body> 
 <h1 align="center"> # 您的行为已违反本网站相关规定，注意操作规范。 
 </body> 
 </html> 
 ]]

三、启用waf并做测试

1、模拟sql注入即url攻击

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日志显示如下,记录了UA，匹配规则，URL，客户端类型，攻击的类型，请求的数据

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# tail -f /tmp/2018-07-30_waf.log
{"user_agent":"Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/67.0.3396.99 Safari\/537.36","rule_tag":"\\.(bak|inc|old|mdb|sql|backup|java|class|tgz|gz|tar|zip)$","req_url":"\/eastmonet.sql","client_ip":"192.168.83.1","local_time":"2018-07-30 10:46:52","attack_method":"Deny_URL","req_data":"-","server_name":"localhost"}

2、使用ab压力测试工具模拟防CC攻击

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# ifconfig eth0|grep 'inet addr'|awk -F ":" '{print $2}'|awk '{print $1}'
192.168.83.131

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将对方IP放入黑名单

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# echo 192.168.83.131 >> /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/rule-config/blackip.rule
# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

再拿192.168.83.131访问的时候就提示403了
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将对方IP放入白名单

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[root@tiejiang-src1 ~]# echo 192.168.83.131 >> /usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/rule-config/whiteip.rule
[root@tiejiang-src1 ~]# /usr/local/openresty/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

此时将不对此ip进行任何防护措施，所以sql注入时应该返回404
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目录：

  • waf目录：/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf
  • 配置文件：/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/config.lua
  • Waf的ip黑名单：/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/rule-config/blackip.rule
  • Waf的ip白名单：/usr/local/openresty/nginx/conf/waf/rule-config/whiteip.rule

本文标题:Nginx+lua组建基础waf防火墙

文章作者:Francis

原始链接:http://www.cnops.com/posts/49ebe7e1.html

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